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Anonymous veto network : ウィキペディア英語版
Anonymous veto network
In cryptography, the anonymous veto network (or AV-net) is a multi-party secure computation protocol to compute the boolean-OR function.〔F. Hao, P. Zieliński. (A 2-round anonymous veto protocol ). ''Proceedings of the 14th International Workshop on Security Protocols, 2006.〕 It presents an efficient solution to the Dining cryptographers problem.
==Description==

All participants agree on a group \scriptstyle G with a generator \scriptstyle g of prime order \scriptstyle q in which the discrete logarithm problem is hard. For example, a Schnorr group can be used. For a group of \scriptstyle n participants, the protocol executes in two rounds.
Round 1: each participant \scriptstyle i selects a random value \scriptstyle x_i \,\in_R\, \mathbb_q and publishes the ephemeral public key \scriptstyle g^ together with a zero-knowledge proof for the proof of the exponent \scriptstyle x_i. A detailed description of a method for such proofs is found in the article Fiat-Shamir heuristic.
After this round, each participant computes:
:g^ = \prod_ g^ / \prod_ g^
Round 2: each participant \scriptstyle i publishes \scriptstyle g^ and a zero-knowledge proof for the proof of the exponent \scriptstyle c_i. Here, the participants chose \scriptstyle c_i \;=\; x_i if they want to send a "0" bit (no veto), or a random value if they want to send a "1" bit (veto).
After round 2, each participant computes \scriptstyle \prod g^. If no one vetoed, each will obtain \scriptstyle \prod g^ \;=\; 1. On the other hand, if one or more participants vetoed, each will have \scriptstyle \prod g^ \;\neq\; 1.

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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